40 câu · 50 phút
Đề tham khảo Bộ GD&ĐTRead the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
MAKING FRIENDS IN THE SKY
“Who will I sit next to? Will they be interesting or will they be really (1) ?” Are these the questions that you often ask yourself before a (2) ? But that’s all going to change! An airline company has introduced a new system (3) ‘Meet & Seat’. Now you can choose your ‘next-door neighbour’. When you book your tickets, you can show your social media profile (4) everyone on the plane. You will also see everyone else’s profile. Then you can choose who you want to sit next to. If you want to talk about work and (5) business contacts, look at people’s professional network profiles. And if you prefer (6) fun and chat about travelling and shopping, look at their social network profiles!
(Adapted from C21 Smart)
(1)
boring
bored
boringly
boredom
Sau trạng từ really và động từ be cần một tính từ chỉ tính chất của người được nói tới: boring (nhàm chán, gây chán). Bored chỉ cảm xúc của người bị chán, không hợp nghĩa ở đây. Chọn A.
(2)
long journey plane
long plane journey
plane long journey
journey long plane
Danh từ ghép plane journey (chuyến đi bằng máy bay), tính từ long đứng trước cả cụm danh từ: a long plane journey. Chọn B.
(3)
which called
calling
was called
called
Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ bị động: a new system (which is) called ‘Meet & Seat’ (một hệ thống được gọi là…). Which called thiếu is, was called tạo thêm một động từ chính. Chọn D.
(4)
for
in
by
to
Cấu trúc show something to somebody (cho ai xem cái gì): show your social media profile to everyone on the plane. Chọn D.
(5)
do
make
book
put
Cụm make (business) contacts (tạo dựng mối quan hệ, quen biết đối tác). Chọn B.
(6)
to having
having
have
to have
Cấu trúc prefer + to V (thích làm gì hơn). Sau chỗ trống là fun and chat: chat là động từ nguyên mẫu nên vế trước cũng phải là to have để song song (prefer to have fun and (to) chat). A to having và C have sai cấu trúc; B having không song song với chat. Chọn D.
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 7 to 12.
To Save the Planet, Begin at Home!
Let’s look at what we can do at home each day to save the planet.
Facts and figures:
Farming with synthetic chemicals has killed insects and (7) animals. Meanwhile, we (8) 80 million cans each day and 45,000 tonnes of plastic packaging each year. These kill up to one million seabirds a year.
Positive action!
• Buy and consume fresh, organic food and drinks, especially things produced locally. This reduces the need for long-distance food (9) .
• Don’t always buy food that comes in cans or plastic packaging. (10) buying a pre-packaged sandwich, make your own! That helps reduce the (11) of rubbish you produce.
• Reuse packaging where possible. Separate paper, plastic, and metal (12) and recycle them.
(Adapted from Move on)
(7)
others
other
the others
another
Other + danh từ số nhiều (animals) mang nghĩa “các loài động vật khác” nói chung. Others là đại từ, không đứng trước danh từ; another đi với danh từ số ít. Chọn B.
(8)
throw away
give in
pass out
put off
Cụm động từ throw away (vứt bỏ): chúng ta vứt bỏ 80 triệu lon mỗi ngày. Give in (nhượng bộ), pass out (ngất), put off (trì hoãn) không hợp nghĩa. Chọn A.
(9)
storage
transport
preservation
preparation
Mua thực phẩm sản xuất tại địa phương giúp giảm nhu cầu vận chuyển thực phẩm đường dài: long-distance food transport. Chọn B.
(10)
Instead of
On account of
Irrespective of
In view of
Instead of + V-ing (thay vì): thay vì mua bánh sandwich đóng gói sẵn, hãy tự làm. Chọn A.
(11)
number
level
amount
quality
Rubbish là danh từ không đếm được nên dùng the amount of (lượng). Number đi với danh từ đếm được số nhiều. Chọn C.
(12)
items
factors
resources
substances
Items (đồ vật, món đồ): phân loại các món đồ bằng giấy, nhựa và kim loại để tái chế. Chọn A.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 13 to 17.
a. Nam: Hi, Mark! Long time no see. You look so good!
b. Nam: Yes, I have. I exercise every morning and eat more healthy food.
c. Mark: Hi, Nam! Thanks. You look so fit, too. Have you worked out a lot lately?
(Adapted from Global Success)
c – a – b
b – c – a
c – b – a
a – c – b
Nam chào và khen Mark (a), Mark chào lại, khen Nam và hỏi có tập luyện nhiều không (c), Nam trả lời Yes, I have và kể cách tập luyện (b). Thứ tự a – c – b. Chọn D.
a. Alex: Why online classes?
b. Sue: I’m going to try online classes.
c. Alex: How are you going to improve your English?
d. Alex: I think online classes are too expensive. I don’t think I’ll try them.
e. Sue: They improve our communication skills, and they have flexible schedules.
(Adapted from i-Learn Smart World)
c – b – a – e – d
c – e – d – b – a
d – b – a – e – c
d – e – a – b – c
Alex hỏi Sue sẽ cải thiện tiếng Anh thế nào (c), Sue nói sẽ thử học trực tuyến (b), Alex hỏi lí do (a), Sue giải thích lợi ích (e), Alex nêu ý kiến rằng học trực tuyến quá đắt (d). Thứ tự c – b – a – e – d. Chọn A.
Hi Gemma,
a. But it was interesting to watch these videos.
b. Thanks so much for the guitar lesson videos you sent me last week.
c. You know, we ought to practise together for some time. What do you think?
d. Thanks also for the tip about the free websites with musical lesson videos – they are much better than the sites I’ve been following.
e. It’s really nice to learn how to play a new instrument like the guitar, but I am too busy at the moment, so I’m focusing on my violin lessons for now.
Write back soon.
Billy
(Adapted from THiNK)
d – b – a – c – e
b – e – a – d – c
a – d – b – c – e
c – a – d – b – e
Billy cảm ơn video học guitar (b), nói học nhạc cụ mới hay nhưng đang bận nên tập trung học violin (e), chuyển ý bằng But rằng xem video vẫn thú vị (a), cảm ơn thêm (Thanks also) về mẹo các trang web miễn phí (d), cuối cùng rủ cùng luyện tập (c). Thứ tự b – e – a – d – c. Chọn B.
a. While deadlines and flexibility are essential aspects of this job, the occasional office meeting for project updates, for instance, is a small trade-off.
b. Working remotely from home fuels my creativity and allows for a more productive environment.
c. Indeed, for the past year, I have thrived in this role at a local company, where I craft engaging online content and develop effective strategies.
d. My passion for both people and technology naturally led me to a fulfilling career in social media management.
e. In conclusion, I am incredibly happy with my current position and the opportunities it provides, as it perfectly combines my interests and skills.
(Adapted from Bright)
d – c – b – a – e
a – b – c – d – e
b – c – d – a – e
c – a – d – b – e
Nêu niềm đam mê dẫn tới nghề quản lí mạng xã hội (d), Indeed cụ thể hóa công việc hiện tại (c), lợi ích của làm việc tại nhà (b), mặt cần đánh đổi (a), kết luận bằng In conclusion (e). Thứ tự d – c – b – a – e. Chọn A.
a. However, despite this growth, Redmond still lacks a hospital, as the nearest one is located over 30 miles away in Longreach.
b. Once abundant parks on Oak Street and Richmond Avenue have been replaced by factories, marking a shift towards industrialisation.
c. The industrial shift has also attracted new businesses, from arcades to shops and factories, boosting the local economy and making Redmond more and more commercially active.
d. Redmond has transformed significantly over the past decade.
e. This industrial growth has led to a 25% population boom due to an influx of factory workers, resulting in increased traffic congestion.
(Adapted from i-Learn Smart World)
d – b – c – e – a
d – c – a – b – e
d – a – e – b – c
d – e – b – c – a
Câu chủ đề: Redmond thay đổi nhiều (d), công viên bị thay bằng nhà máy, chuyển sang công nghiệp hóa (b), The industrial shift has also thu hút doanh nghiệp mới (c), This industrial growth làm dân số tăng (e), However, despite this growth vẫn thiếu bệnh viện (a). Thứ tự d – b – c – e – a. Chọn A.
Read the following passage about humanoid robots and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Humanoid robots, eminent characters in science fiction novels and sci-fi films, are becoming a reality. Sophia, as an example, (18) . One month later, she had her premiere in Texas, USA, and has made multiple public appearances around the world since then. At one such event, Sophia was granted Saudi Arabian citizenship in October 2017 and even became the first Innovation Champion of the United Nations Development Programme later that year. During Sophia’s trip to Vietnam in 2018, she addressed the Industry 4.0 Summit and Expo.
Sophia the Robot is the latest humanlike robot created by a Hong Kong-based company (19) . Undoubtedly, Sophia together with other humanlike robots represents the rapid advancement in the field of robotics and artificial intelligence. (20) .
Sophia’s physical appearance is inspired by both the famous actress Audrey Hepburn and the creator’s wife. (21) . But what makes her more lifelike than other robots is the patented artificial skin called Frubber®, which has the feel and flexibility of human skin.
Sophia amazes the world with her ability to communicate naturally. The Sophia Intelligence Collective, which is a combination of AI and human input, and other sophisticated perception techniques enable Sophia to recognise human faces and identify human emotions and gestures. Equipped with machine learning algorithms, (22) .
(Adapted from Friends Global)
(18)
of which the activation was launched on Valentine’s Day, 2016
was first activated on Valentine’s Day in 2016
that had her first Valentine’s activation launched in 2016
having been initially activated on Valentine’s Day, 2016
Câu đang thiếu động từ chính cho chủ ngữ Sophia: was first activated on Valentine’s Day in 2016 (được kích hoạt lần đầu), khớp với câu sau One month later, she had her premiere. Các phương án còn lại chỉ là mệnh đề quan hệ hoặc cụm phân từ, không tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh. Chọn B.
(19)
whose combined efforts in AI research, engineering, and design have given birth to robots
succeeded in bringing robots to life by combining research in AI, engineering, and design
brought robots to life thanks to its accomplishments in AI research, engineering, and design
of which the joint efforts in AI research, engineering, and design in building robots
Câu đã có động từ chính is, nên chỗ trống cần mệnh đề quan hệ bổ nghĩa cho company: whose combined efforts… have given birth to robots. B và C thêm một động từ chính không có liên từ; D thiếu động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ. Chọn A.
(20)
She has been designed to assist humans in healthcare, customer support, and education
People in the fields of healthcare, customer service, and education helped create Sophia
Intending to aid humans in healthcare, customer support, and education, Sophia was developed
The assistance in customer support, education, and healthcare led to the creation of Sophia
Câu cần điền nêu mục đích Sophia được tạo ra: She has been designed to assist humans in healthcare, customer support, and education, nối tiếp ý về sự phát triển của robot. B và D sai nghĩa. C sai ngữ pháp: chủ ngữ của cụm phân từ Intending to aid humans… phải là người tạo ra Sophia, nhưng câu lại để Sophia làm chủ ngữ, thành ra Sophia “có ý định”. Chọn A.
(21)
Without cameras and microphones working as her eyes and ears, she could hear and see like humans
Her eyes and ears work as cameras and microphones so that people can see and hear her
She has cameras for eyes and microphones for ears, allowing her to see and hear like a human
Using cameras and microphones for eyes and ears, they allow her to see and hear as humans do
Câu tiếp ý ngoại hình của Sophia: She has cameras for eyes and microphones for ears, allowing her to see and hear like a human. A sai logic (Without), B sai nghĩa (người khác nhìn và nghe cô ấy), D sai chủ ngữ của cụm phân từ (they). Chọn C.
(22)
Sophia can understand human speech and interact with people
human speech and interaction are becoming so easy to Sophia
the machine can help Sophia speak and interact with humans
interaction in speech between Sophia and humans takes place
Cụm phân từ Equipped with machine learning algorithms phải có chủ ngữ là Sophia (người được trang bị): Sophia can understand human speech and interact with people. Các phương án khác có chủ ngữ không phải Sophia nên sai ngữ pháp. Chọn A.
Read the following passage about endangered languages and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
There are around 7,000 languages in the world today. However, most people speak the largest languages: Chinese, Spanish, English, Hindi, Russian, Arabic, and others. So what about the smaller languages? According to the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, around one-third of the world’s languages now have fewer than 1,000 speakers. We may soon lose those languages completely. In fact, 230 languages became extinct between 1950 and 2010.
Unfortunately, when we lose a language, we also lose its culture and knowledge. That’s because people in different places have different ways of living and thinking. One example of this is the Tuvan language of southern Siberia. Tuvan people depend on animals for food and other basic needs. Their language shows this close connection between people and animals. The Tuvan word ezenggileer, for example, means “to sing with the rhythms of riding a horse.” And the word ak byzaa is “a white calf less than one year old.”
In some places, people are working to save traditional languages. Many schools in New Zealand now teach the Maori language. This helps connect native New Zealanders to their Maori culture. And Welsh is spoken by around 500,000 people in Wales. The Welsh government is working to increase that number to one million by 2050.
Technology offers a possible alternative to saving endangered languages. National Geographic’s Enduring Voices project has created “Talking Dictionaries” – the recorded voices of people communicating with each other. All of them are fluent speakers of endangered languages. And because these dictionaries are accessible to anyone on the Internet, people now and in the future can learn some of the vocabulary, greetings, and grammar rules of past languages.
(Adapted from Explore New Worlds)
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the largest languages?
Arabic
Hindi
Spanish
Maori
Đoạn 1 liệt kê các ngôn ngữ lớn nhất: Chinese, Spanish, English, Hindi, Russian, Arabic. Tiếng Maori được nhắc ở đoạn 3 như một ngôn ngữ truyền thống cần bảo tồn. Chọn D.
The word extinct in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
existent
native
official
ancient
Extinct (tuyệt chủng, không còn tồn tại) trái nghĩa với existent (đang tồn tại). Chọn A.
The word Their in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
basic needs
Tuvan people
different ways
different places
Their language là ngôn ngữ của Tuvan people ở câu ngay trước: Tuvan people depend on animals… Chọn B.
The word accessible in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by ______.
available
dependable
visible
audible
Accessible (có thể truy cập, tiếp cận được) gần nghĩa với available (sẵn có): các từ điển này ai cũng có thể dùng trên Internet. Chọn A.
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
Endangered languages could only be saved by technology.
There is no other way to save endangered languages but technology.
Technology could be another way to save endangered languages.
Technology should be regarded as the last resort to save endangered languages.
Câu gốc: công nghệ mang lại a possible alternative (một cách khả dĩ khác) để cứu các ngôn ngữ đang bị đe dọa, tức another way. A, B, D đều nói công nghệ là cách duy nhất hoặc cuối cùng, sai nghĩa. Chọn C.
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
The number of Welsh speakers will increase by one million by 2050.
Only by creating “Talking Dictionaries” can endangered languages be saved.
Less than 200 languages were no longer in existence between 1950 and 2010.
The Welsh government is trying to double the number of Welsh speakers by 2050.
Tiếng Wales có khoảng 500,000 người nói và chính phủ muốn tăng lên một triệu vào năm 2050, tức gấp đôi. A sai vì tăng lên một triệu chứ không phải tăng thêm một triệu; C sai vì có 230 ngôn ngữ biến mất. Chọn D.
In which paragraph does the writer mention a present causal relationship?
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Đoạn 2 nêu quan hệ nhân quả ở hiện tại: mất ngôn ngữ là mất văn hóa và tri thức That’s because people in different places have different ways of living and thinking. Chọn B.
In which paragraph does the writer explore modern methods for maintaining endangered languages?
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Đoạn 4 nói về công nghệ (Technology, dự án Talking Dictionaries trên Internet) như cách hiện đại để giữ gìn ngôn ngữ đang bị đe dọa. Đoạn 3 chỉ nói về việc dạy ở trường và chính sách. Chọn D.
Read the following passage about the urban shift and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
[I] Global urbanisation has increased significantly in recent decades, and one of the main drivers of this growth has been rural migration. [II] Half of the world’s population already resides in cities, and by 2050, experts predict that number to reach as high as two-thirds. [III] Many factors contribute to this global phenomenon, which then gives rise to various issues. [IV]
There are many push factors which force people away from rural life. For example, rural residents have fewer employment options because there are not many large companies nearby. What’s more, rural jobs are mainly related to agriculture, so crop failures due to natural disasters can make it difficult to earn a good living. By contrast, there are pull factors that attract people to urban life. Urban areas have more industries, so people can easily get good jobs and achieve a higher standard of living. They also offer entertainment alternatives, such as theme parks, sporting and musical events, allowing urban citizens to access leisure activities easily.
In the process of urbanisation, rural migration causes various far-reaching impacts on the environment and urban citizens. First, deforestation occurs when city governments have forests cut down to build accommodation for new residents, which harms the environment and reduces air quality. As growing populations bring about more deforestation and pollution, the air quality worsens, which can lead to health issues for residents. Second, due to population expansion, cities are struggling to offer adequate public facilities for urban people. As a result, some low-income people are unable to obtain the necessary affordable housing and end up living in slums, where the quality of life is very poor.
Rural migration is a complicated process, of which the causes and the effects should be fully comprehended. By carefully planning city development and suitable social policies, we can provide urban citizens with good public services, exciting job opportunities and a high quality of life without harming the environment.
(Adapted from Bright)
Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?
More and more people are moving to the city from the countryside each year.
[I]
[II]
[III]
[IV]
Câu cần điền giải thích cho ý rural migration là động lực của đô thị hóa ở câu trước, đồng thời dẫn sang số liệu dân số thành thị ở câu sau. Vì vậy đặt ở vị trí [II]. Chọn B.
The phrase gives rise to in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by ______.
originates from
results in
brings up
carries out
Give rise to (gây ra, dẫn đến) đồng nghĩa với result in. Originate from nghĩa là bắt nguồn từ, ngược chiều nhân quả. Chọn B.
The word They in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
industries
good jobs
urban areas
people
They also offer entertainment alternatives nối tiếp câu trước có chủ ngữ Urban areas have more industries…: các khu đô thị còn mang lại nhiều lựa chọn giải trí. Chọn C.
According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a push factor?
fewer job opportunities
a higher living standard
crop failures
a low income
Yếu tố đẩy (push factors) ở nông thôn là ít việc làm, mất mùa, khó kiếm sống. A higher standard of living là yếu tố kéo (pull factor) của thành thị. Chọn B.
Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?
Urbanisation improves the living standards of all urbanites to the detriment of the environment.
Urban citizens suffer serious health problems and housing shortages as a result of migration to the city.
Rural migration is detrimental to not only the environment but also urbanites’ health and life quality.
Low-income urban citizens lack access to public amenities, leading to their poor standards of living.
Đoạn 3 nêu hai tác động của di cư nông thôn: hại môi trường (phá rừng, ô nhiễm) và ảnh hưởng tới sức khỏe, chất lượng sống của cư dân đô thị (thiếu nhà ở, sống ở khu ổ chuột). D chỉ nói một ý nhỏ; A và B sai ý. Chọn C.
The word far-reaching in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
expanded
limited
negative
severe
Far-reaching (sâu rộng, có ảnh hưởng lớn) trái nghĩa với limited (hạn chế). Chọn B.
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
Both push factors and pull factors contribute to the increase in rural migration on a global scale.
Rural migration is the most important driving force behind the phenomenon of urbanisation worldwide.
Adequate public facilities are getting easily accessible to city residents thanks to governments’ effort.
City residents’ health issues are caused by poor living conditions in the slums, not reduced air quality.
Đoạn 2 nêu cả push factors lẫn pull factors thúc đẩy người dân rời nông thôn ra thành phố. B sai vì bài chỉ nói one of the main drivers; C và D trái với đoạn 3. Chọn A.
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
Despite the complexity of rural migration, a complete understanding of its causes and effects could be achieved.
Were the process of rural migration more straightforward, a thorough understanding of its causes and effects could be gained.
Not until a full comprehension of the causes and effects of rural migration is achieved does it become a straightforward process.
It is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of the causes and effects of such a complicated phenomenon as rural migration.
Câu gốc: di cư nông thôn là quá trình phức tạp mà nguyên nhân và hệ quả cần được hiểu đầy đủ, tức It is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding… Các phương án khác thay đổi ý nghĩa. Chọn D.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
The push factors play a more significant role than the pull factors in encouraging rural migration.
Rural migration has more profound impacts on the environment than on city dwellers’ well-being.
Without proper planning, urban expansion may come at the expense of the environment and city dwellers’ well-being.
By 2050, about 70% of urban population is predicted to be living in slums due to their inability to afford proper housing.
Đoạn 4 cho rằng nhờ quy hoạch cẩn thận, ta có thể mang lại chất lượng sống tốt without harming the environment, suy ra nếu thiếu quy hoạch thì đô thị mở rộng sẽ gây hại cho môi trường và đời sống cư dân. A, B, D không có cơ sở trong bài. Chọn C.
Which of the following best summarises the passage?
Driven by limited rural prospects and the appeal of urban opportunities, rural migration fuels rapid urbanisation, impacting the environment and urban resources, thus requiring careful planning for sustainable development.
Lack of rural opportunities and the attraction of city life cause increased rural migration, significantly expanding urban populations and creating insoluble social and environmental issues.
Global urbanisation accelerates as people relocate from rural areas to cities seeking improved employment and living standards, but this migration leads to pressing issues like deforestation and inadequate public services.
Limited opportunities in rural areas and the promise of better employment and recreation draw people to cities, but rapid urban growth damages the environment, highlighting the need for careful planning.
A tóm tắt đủ các ý chính: nguyên nhân (thiếu cơ hội ở nông thôn, sức hút đô thị), hệ quả (môi trường, tài nguyên đô thị) và giải pháp (quy hoạch cẩn thận). B sai ở insoluble; C thiếu giải pháp; D thiếu tác động tới nguồn lực, dịch vụ công đô thị. Chọn A.