Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
How to Manage Your Money Wisely?
Managing your finances properly is essential for a stable and secure life. (1) , many people struggle with budgeting and saving and give up their financial plans sooner or later, eventually leading (2) overspending and financial stress. Here are some tips to well manage your pocket:
Invest some of your money if possible.
Have a bank account with an increasing amount of savings (3) month by setting realistic financial goals.
Buy (4) within your price range.
Track your spending carefully to avoid (5) expenditure on unnecessary purchases.
Prioritise things that bring you lasting happiness and financial security to get your money’s (6) !
(Adapted from https://www.thebalancemoney.com)
(1)
Otherwise
While
Though
However
Đáp án đúng: D.
Câu trước nói quản lý tài chính tốt là cần thiết; câu sau nói nhiều người lại vật lộn với việc lập ngân sách, tiết kiệm. Quan hệ tương phản giữa hai câu, đứng đầu câu có dấu phẩy: However. Though, While là liên từ phải đi với mệnh đề. Chọn D.
(2)
to
in
on
at
Đáp án đúng: A.
Cấu trúc lead to something (dẫn đến): leading to overspending and financial stress. Chọn A.
(3)
many
each
much
some
Đáp án đúng: B.
month là danh từ đếm được số ít: each month (mỗi tháng). many cần danh từ số nhiều, much đi với danh từ không đếm được, some month không hợp nghĩa. Chọn B.
(4)
products affordable quality
products quality affordable
affordable quality products
affordable products quality
Đáp án đúng: C.
Trật tự: tính từ + danh từ ghép (danh từ bổ nghĩa + danh từ chính): affordable quality products (sản phẩm chất lượng với giá phải chăng). Chọn C.
(5)
possessive
restrictive
excessive
objective
Đáp án đúng: C.
excessive expenditure = chi tiêu quá mức (vào những thứ không cần thiết). possessive (chiếm hữu), restrictive (hạn chế), objective (khách quan) không hợp nghĩa. Chọn C.
(6)
rate
price
worth
cost
Đáp án đúng: C.
Thành ngữ get your money’s worth = đáng đồng tiền bát gạo, nhận được giá trị xứng với số tiền bỏ ra. Chọn C.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 7 to 11.
a. I had to burn the midnight oil to make engaging lesson plans, expecting to capture my students’ attention.
b. The reality, however, was not what I had expected when I completely failed to keep the class under control despite shouting loudly.
c. This valuable experience was indeed memorable and made me more confident in my career of choice.
d. Working as an intern at a local high school encouraged me to pursue a teaching career, a demanding yet rewarding one.
e. Instead of giving up, I reflected on what I had done and made improvements in the following lessons.
c – a – e – d – b
d – a – b – e – c
d – b – e – c – a
c – b – e – a – d
Đáp án đúng: B.
d giới thiệu (thực tập ở trường khiến tôi muốn theo nghề giáo) → a (thức khuya soạn giáo án) → b (however, thực tế không như mong đợi) → e (không bỏ cuộc mà rút kinh nghiệm) → c (trải nghiệm đáng nhớ, giúp tự tin hơn). Thứ tự d – a – b – e – c. Chọn B.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 7 to 11.
a. David: I used to, but now I use social media and news apps.
b. Lisa: Same here! It’s more convenient, but I think traditional newspapers have their own charm.
c. Lisa: Do you still read newspapers?
d. Lisa: I believe each type has its own value that we can make full use of.
e. David: You’re right. They fill us with nostalgia that’s hard to replace.
c – a – b – e – d
c – e – d – a – b
d – a – c – e – b
d – e – b – a – c
Đáp án đúng: A.
c (Lisa hỏi còn đọc báo không) → a (David: trước thì có, giờ dùng mạng xã hội) → b (Lisa: tôi cũng vậy, nhưng báo giấy có nét riêng) → e (David đồng ý: chúng gợi hoài niệm) → d (Lisa kết: mỗi loại có giá trị riêng). Thứ tự c – a – b – e – d. Chọn A.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 7 to 11.
a. Tom: Then, text me when you’re home.
b. Tom: It’s getting late. Would you like me to give you a lift home?
c. Mary: Thanks, but I’m going to walk to the supermarket and then take a bus home.
b – a – c
a – c – b
a – b – c
b – c – a
Đáp án đúng: D.
b (Tom đề nghị chở về) → c (Mary cảm ơn nhưng sẽ đi bộ tới siêu thị rồi đi xe buýt) → a (Tom: vậy về đến nhà thì nhắn tin cho tôi). Thứ tự b – c – a. Chọn D.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 7 to 11.
Dear Ms Smith,
a. This has been pre-approved, but you need to have this letter and your identification card produced at the nearest branch to apply.
b. The offer is exclusive and expires on December 31st.
c. Your application will be processed, and your card will be issued within 48 hours for immediate use.
d. It is our honour to offer you credit facilities of $6000, affordable with the monthly instalment of $99.
e. Should you require further details, please call 0123888888, or visit any of our branches.
Yours sincerely,
ABC Bank
d – a – c – b – e
b – d – a – c – e
c – a – d – b – e
a – c – d – b – e
Đáp án đúng: A.
d (mở đầu: hân hạnh đề nghị hạn mức tín dụng) → a (đã được duyệt trước, cần mang thư và giấy tờ đến chi nhánh) → c (hồ sơ sẽ được xử lý, thẻ cấp trong 48 giờ) → b (ưu đãi độc quyền, hết hạn 31/12) → e (cần thêm thông tin xin gọi). Thứ tự d – a – c – b – e. Chọn A.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 7 to 11.
a. The developments demonstrate a clear modernisation of the city of Paragon, transforming it from a primarily residential locality into a more diverse and economically vibrant area.
b. This shift was further evidenced by the industrialisation of the surrounding agricultural land, with the appearance of some plants and factories.
c. Residential areas were noticeably transformed, with the replacement of established terraced housing with new dwellings and the relocation of the original park.
d. Simultaneously, a significant expansion of commercial infrastructure took place, most prominently with the construction of a large supermarket and an accompanying car park where housing once stood.
e. Between 2000 and 2015, the outskirts of Paragon city underwent a dramatic reshaping, indicating a move towards urban regeneration and increased commercial activity.
e – c – d – b – a
e – d – b – a – c
e – c – a – d – b
e – b – a – c – d
Đáp án đúng: A.
e (tổng quan: 2000–2015 vùng ven Paragon thay đổi mạnh) → c (khu dân cư thay đổi) → d (Simultaneously, hạ tầng thương mại mở rộng) → b (This shift was further evidenced bởi công nghiệp hóa đất nông nghiệp) → a (kết luận: các thay đổi cho thấy hiện đại hóa rõ rệt). Thứ tự e – c – d – b – a. Chọn A.
Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 12 to 17.
Da Nang International Fireworks Festival (DIFF) 2025
With ten teams worldwide, DIFF 2025 features the largest (12) of participating teams in its history, and is predicted to be the most thrilling (13) so far.
Z121 Vina Pyrotech, a company (14) by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence, is a newcomer this year. With thirty years of experience in fireworks, Z121 Vina Pyrotech is expected to deliver a breathtaking performance. It is among the (15) candidates to win the championship.
From May 31st to July 12th, DIFF 2025 promises a series of spectacular fireworks displays, (16) is hoped to bring spectators a world-class entertainment experience.
Over the past twelve years, the Da Nang International Fireworks Festival has helped the city (17) the reputation as “The City of Fireworks” and become an attractive tourist destination.
(Adapted from https://www.vietnamnews.vn)
(12)
number
volume
level
amount
Đáp án đúng: A.
teams là danh từ đếm được số nhiều nên dùng the largest number of (số lượng lớn nhất). amount đi với danh từ không đếm được; volume, level không hợp nghĩa. Chọn A.
(13)
competitive
competition
compete
competitively
Đáp án đúng: B.
Sau the most thrilling (tính từ so sánh nhất) cần một danh từ: the most thrilling competition so far (cuộc thi hấp dẫn nhất từ trước đến nay). Chọn B.
(14)
is managing
managing
managed
has managed
Đáp án đúng: C.
Mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn mang nghĩa bị động: a company (which is) managed by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence (công ty do Bộ Quốc phòng quản lý). Có by chỉ tác nhân nên dùng phân từ II. Chọn C.
(15)
quick
smart
top
high
Đáp án đúng: C.
Kết hợp từ top candidates = những ứng viên hàng đầu (cho chức vô địch). quick, high, smart candidates không phải kết hợp tự nhiên. Chọn C.
(16)
when
why
which
who
Đáp án đúng: C.
Sau dấu phẩy cần đại từ quan hệ thay cho cả mệnh đề/ cụm danh từ chỉ vật đứng trước (a series of spectacular fireworks displays) và làm chủ ngữ cho is hoped: dùng which. Chọn C.
(17)
build up
go up
come up
look up
Đáp án đúng: A.
build up the reputation = gây dựng danh tiếng. go up (tăng lên), come up (xuất hiện), look up (tra cứu) không đi với the reputation. Chọn A.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
The process of sorting through the various holidays on offer and determining which is the best for you is inevitably complex and individual personality traits will determine the eventual decision. Some people undertake a process of extensive problem solving, in which information is sought about a series of products, (18) . Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices (19) , for the sake of their convenience rather than trying to guarantee that they buy the best possible product. This is known as limited problem solving.
Many consumers engage in routinised response behaviour, in which choices change relatively little over time. (20) . Also, some holidaymakers who have been content with a particular company or destination in the past may opt for the same experience again.
Finally, some consumers will buy on impulse. (21) . It is, in fact, a pattern of behaviour that is becoming increasingly prevalent – to the dismay of the operators, who then have less scope for forward planning and reduced opportunities to gain from investing deposits in the short term. (22) , where ‘distressed stock’ needs to be cleared at short notice and this can be stimulated by late availability offers particularly.
(Adapted from The business of tourism)
(18)
each of which is evaluated and compared with similar products
every one of them undergoes evaluations and comparisons with similar products
when it is similarly evaluated and compared with other products
those with similarities to other products will be evaluated and compared carefully
Đáp án đúng: A.
Sau dấu phẩy, chỗ trống bổ nghĩa cho a series of products: dùng mệnh đề quan hệ each of which is evaluated and compared with similar products (mỗi sản phẩm được đánh giá, so sánh với sản phẩm tương tự). B tạo hai mệnh đề độc lập nối bằng dấu phẩy, C, D sai nghĩa. Chọn A.
(19)
fewer choices are deliberately confined to themselves
will deliberately confine themselves to a small number of choices
be deliberate to confine themselves to a small number of choices
being deliberately confined themselves to fewer choices
Đáp án đúng: B.
Chủ ngữ Other consumers with no patience to explore a variety of choices cần một động từ chia: will deliberately confine themselves to a small number of choices (sẽ cố ý tự giới hạn trong một số ít lựa chọn). C, D không có động từ chia đúng, A đổi chủ ngữ. Chọn B.
(20)
By contrast, a consumer-loyal pattern is seen among common brands
This is a common pattern among brand-loyal consumers, for example
This is a common example of brands with loyalty to a consumer pattern
Common brands, by contrast, are a pattern among loyal consumers
Đáp án đúng: B.
Câu trước nói về hành vi phản hồi theo thói quen, ít thay đổi lựa chọn. Câu cần điền giải thích: This is a common pattern among brand-loyal consumers, for example (đây là kiểu hành vi phổ biến ở người tiêu dùng trung thành với thương hiệu). D, A dùng by contrast sai logic; C sai nghĩa. Chọn B.
(21)
It doesn’t matter whether products are unknown, it is typical of purchasers to have holidays costing little
In the meantime, holidays costing little are known to be products typically favoured by many purchasers
The products cost little, which means they are better known and more favoured by typical holiday purchasers
While this is more typical of products costing little, it is by no means unknown among holiday purchasers
Đáp án đúng: D.
Sau ý some consumers will buy on impulse, câu cần điền: dù mua bốc đồng thường gặp ở sản phẩm giá rẻ, nó hoàn toàn không xa lạ với người mua kỳ nghỉ (While this is more typical of products costing little, it is by no means unknown among holiday purchasers). Câu sau It is, in fact, … increasingly prevalent tiếp nối hợp lý. Chọn D.
(22)
Such impulse purchasing proves to be a valuable trait, though
Though such trait of impulse purchasing proves to be valuable
So valuable is such purchasing trait that it proves to be impulsive
Such trait is so impulsive that it proves to be valuable to purchasers
Đáp án đúng: A.
Sau khi nói mua bốc đồng gây bất lợi cho nhà điều hành, câu cần điền chuyển ý: Such impulse purchasing proves to be a valuable trait, though (tuy vậy, kiểu mua bốc đồng này lại có giá trị), khi cần bán gấp hàng tồn. B là mệnh đề phụ không có mệnh đề chính, C, D sai nghĩa. Chọn A.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
When several farmers merge plots into a single “project farm”, they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.
With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season’s end.
Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.
The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.
(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)
The word settle in paragraph 1 mostly means ______.
decide
announce
expect
exchange
Đáp án đúng: A.
settle seeding dates = chốt, quyết định ngày gieo hạt; đồng nghĩa với decide. exchange (trao đổi), announce (thông báo), expect (mong đợi) không hợp ngữ cảnh. Chọn A.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as information displayed on a live, shared picture?
drones
soil types
plant growth
weather shifts
Đáp án đúng: A.
Bức tranh dữ liệu chung gồm soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Drones là công cụ tạo ra bức tranh đó, không phải thông tin hiển thị trên đó. Chọn A.
The word their in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
planting plans
fields
farmers
Seeding machines
Đáp án đúng: D.
Seeding machines change their rate on the fly: máy gieo hạt tự thay đổi tốc độ (gieo) của chính chúng, nên their chỉ Seeding machines. Chọn D.
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?
As resources are directed to the areas that need them, harvests increase and pollution from excess chemicals declines.
There is an increase in chemical wastage and crop output though fewer resources are used for the indicated land area.
When chemicals are placed only where they are needed, productivity increases yet more overdue chemicals are released.
Precise application of fertilisers and sprays to required areas raises crop output but in turn increases chemical wastage.
Đáp án đúng: A.
Câu gạch chân: vì đầu vào được đưa đúng chỗ cần, năng suất tăng trong khi lượng hóa chất rò rỉ giảm. A diễn đạt đúng cả hai ý (thu hoạch tăng, ô nhiễm hóa chất dư thừa giảm). C, D, B đều nói lượng hóa chất thải ra tăng, trái với chemical runoff falls. Chọn A.
The word slashing in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
converting
disposing
increasing
reducing
Đáp án đúng: C.
slashing waste and energy bills = cắt giảm mạnh lãng phí và chi phí năng lượng, nghĩa gần reducing. Từ trái nghĩa là increasing (làm tăng). Chọn C.
Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 4?
Buyers have little reliable information on harvest weights and storage temperatures.
Farmers regard cloud platforms the best tools to improve the quality of their crops.
Analytic tools offer suggestions for better planting plans for the following season.
Project partners are unable to forecast prices of crops in the following season.
Đáp án đúng: C.
Đoạn 4: Analytic tools … suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners, khớp với C. A sai (blockchain giúp khách hàng tin cậy dữ liệu), B không được nhắc, D sai (công cụ phân tích dự báo được giá). Chọn C.
Which paragraph mentions approaches to different weather patterns?
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 2
Đáp án đúng: A.
Đoạn 3 nói ứng dụng dự báo mưa, gió, nắng nóng và máy bơm tự dừng khi sắp có bão, tức các cách ứng phó với kiểu thời tiết khác nhau. Chọn A.
Which paragraph mentions real-time tracking of produce?
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 2
Đáp án đúng: C.
Đoạn 4: nền tảng đám mây ghi khối lượng thu hoạch, nhiệt độ bảo quản, thời gian vận chuyển the moment they change, tức theo dõi nông sản theo thời gian thực. (Đoạn 1 nói theo dõi máy móc, không phải nông sản.) Chọn C.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
We seem to be entering a boom era for greenwashing – the tactic of covering routine pollution in eco-friendly language. [I] Picture running a high-emitting corporation: meaningful decarbonisation would demand painful negotiations, huge capital outlays, and a full redesign of the business model. Hiring an expert agency to splash “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” across products is far easier, buying time while emissions remain untouched.
Consumers meet this sleight of hand everywhere. Airlines sell “carbon-neutral” flights, filling stations boast about “net-zero” fuel, and breakfast bacon is re-labelled as planet-safe. Advertising spin is old, yet today it is manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage. Social media influencers and glossy sustainability reports amplify these claims, broadcasting the narrative far beyond traditional marketing channels.
The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s, an era of oil spills and growing climate science, but the practice has exploded only recently. [II] Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR over the tougher route of restructuring supply chains, energy sources, and product lines. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic are struggling to police false eco-claims, yet enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity. Investors, eager to protect short-term returns, frequently applaud these surface-level initiatives, reinforcing the cycle. [III] No sector illustrates the issue better than oil and gas. Having realised that denying climate science now backfires, the industry has swapped denial for “green” paint. Press releases trumpet potential renewable ventures while drilling plans expand unabated.
Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the deep emission cuts claimed by scientists as urgent this decade. [IV] Whereas denial disputes the crisis, greenwashing misleads the public into believing problems are solved, thereby eroding consumer advocacy of genuine environmental actions and stalling regulatory reforms. In effect, it acts as a soothing lullaby, guiding society ever closer to ecological breakdown while fostering a false sense of progress. Exposing the facade – and insisting on verifiable, measurable carbon reductions – is essential if rhetoric is to give way to real action.
(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)
According to paragraph 1, having products claimed as eco-friendly rather than conducting meaningful decarbonisation will ______.
cause physical injuries to those involved in the negotiation
bring about a full redesign of the business model of a company
lead to delays without solving the current emission problem
involve spending a huge amount of money paying the agency
Đáp án đúng: C.
Đoạn 1: thuê công ty dán nhãn carbon-neutral, net-zero thì dễ hơn nhiều, buying time while emissions remain untouched (câu giờ trong khi lượng phát thải không đổi), tức gây trì hoãn mà không giải quyết vấn đề phát thải. B, D là đặc điểm của việc giảm phát thải thực sự; A không có. Chọn C.
The word manipulated in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.
legally regulated
hastily produced
randomly deployed
purposely adjusted
Đáp án đúng: D.
Quảng cáo ngày nay được manipulated to conceal ongoing environmental damage = được cố ý điều chỉnh, thao túng để che giấu tác hại môi trường; gần nghĩa purposely adjusted. Chọn D.
Which of the following best summarises paragraph 2?
Commercials for everyday products and services, ranging from holiday bookings to petrol pumps and bacon packs, are prevalent on unconventional marketing channels.
Sustainability buzzwords now fill every sector, with their reach being amplified by influencers and polished reports.
The stories about greenwashing reach a much wider audience due to the joint effort of social media and traditional marketing channels.
Social media influencers and impressive reports have a role to play in the dissemination of deceptive environmental claims.
Đáp án đúng: B.
Đoạn 2: người tiêu dùng gặp các tuyên bố “xanh” ở khắp nơi (hàng không, trạm xăng, thịt xông khói), và người có ảnh hưởng cùng các báo cáo bóng bẩy khuếch đại chúng. B bao quát cả hai ý. C sai (vượt ra ngoài kênh truyền thống, không phải cùng kênh truyền thống), A sai chi tiết, D chỉ nêu một ý. Chọn B.
What causes corporate boards to adopt greenwashing?
Growing public interest in the development of climate science
Public belief that carbon reductions are unnecessary
Increasing public concern about environmental issues
Public pressure on corporations to opt for PR campaigns
Đáp án đúng: C.
Đoạn 3: Intensifying public anxiety over global heating and ecosystem collapse has placed companies under sharp scrutiny; many boards therefore choose eye-catching PR. Nguyên nhân là mối lo ngại ngày càng tăng của công chúng về môi trường. Chọn C.
What challenge do regulators face in monitoring greenwashing claims?
A lack of clear terminology
Enforcement that falls behind corporate creativity
Insufficient public support
Conflicting laws on both sides of the Atlantic
Đáp án đúng: B.
Đoạn 3: enforcement still lags behind corporate ingenuity (việc thực thi vẫn tụt sau sự khéo léo của doanh nghiệp). Chọn B.
The phrase the practice in paragraph 3 refers to ______.
scrutiny
greenwashing
global heating
climate science
Đáp án đúng: B.
The term greenwashing emerged in the 1980s …, but the practice has exploded only recently: thuật ngữ ra đời từ thập niên 1980 nhưng chính việc tẩy xanh mới bùng nổ gần đây. the practice = greenwashing. Chọn B.
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
For empty slogans to be realised into moves, revelations about greenwashing and practical measures to reduce carbon are required.
The real solution to the issue of carbon is to verify and measure carbon reductions rather than just raise public awareness through campaigns.
To make way for meaningful activities in reality, it is vital to expose the public to proper and specific measures to reduce emissions.
Greenwashing is, in fact, a fallacy and therefore should be replaced by feasible actions which are encouraged through public movements.
Đáp án đúng: A.
Câu gạch chân: vạch trần bộ mặt giả và đòi hỏi mức giảm carbon kiểm chứng, đo lường được là điều cốt yếu nếu muốn lời nói chuyển thành hành động thực. A giữ đủ hai vế (vạch trần greenwashing + biện pháp giảm carbon thực tế) và mục đích (biến khẩu hiệu thành hành động). D, C, B thêm hoặc đổi ý. Chọn A.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
The shift from denying climate science to applying “green” paint reflects high-emitting industries’ genuine commitment to renewables.
Investors who value long-term environmental impact put pressure on companies to implement substantial structural reforms.
Greenwashing brings corporations benefits in terms of finance and reputation without having to reform their core operations.
Regulators are effectively utilising the tools and resources to verify most environmental claims, tackling the wide spread of eco-labels.
Đáp án đúng: C.
Doanh nghiệp chọn PR hào nhoáng thay vì tái cấu trúc tốn kém, được nhà đầu tư hoan nghênh và tránh được chỉ trích, nên có thể suy ra greenwashing mang lại lợi ích tài chính và danh tiếng mà không phải cải tổ hoạt động cốt lõi. D sai (cơ quan quản lý đang chật vật), A sai (chỉ là “sơn xanh”), B sai (nhà đầu tư chạy theo lợi nhuận ngắn hạn). Chọn C.
Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?
Yet greenwashing is arguably more insidious.
[III]
[IV]
[II]
[I]
Đáp án đúng: B.
Ngay trước [IV] tác giả nêu greenwashing và phủ nhận khí hậu có chung mục tiêu; sau [IV] là phép so sánh: phủ nhận thì bác bỏ khủng hoảng, còn greenwashing khiến công chúng tin vấn đề đã được giải quyết. Câu Yet greenwashing is arguably more insidious (nhưng greenwashing có lẽ còn nguy hiểm ngấm ngầm hơn) nối hai ý này. Chọn B.
Which of the following best summarises the passage?
Greenwashing is surging as firms cover ongoing pollution in eco-friendly rhetoric, distracting the public and postponing the deep emission cuts scientists deem urgent.
Once a prevalent strategy of corporations in response to public scrutiny, climate denial is losing its effectiveness and has to be replaced by greenwashing.
Instead of investing in meaningful decarbonisation, major emitters have a tendency to opt for denying the claim of “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero” on their product lines.
High-emitting sectors follow the trend of greenwashing, boasting about promising renewable ventures in press releases while quietly going on damaging the environment.
Đáp án đúng: A.
Bài viết nói greenwashing đang bùng nổ, các công ty che đậy ô nhiễm bằng ngôn từ thân thiện môi trường, đánh lạc hướng công chúng và trì hoãn việc cắt giảm phát thải cấp bách. A tóm tắt đủ ý. D chỉ là ví dụ ngành dầu khí, C sai, B chỉ là một chi tiết. Chọn A.