Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
How to Manage Your Money Wisely?
Managing your finances properly is essential for a stable and secure life. (1) , many people struggle with budgeting and saving and give up their financial plans sooner or later, eventually leading (2) overspending and financial stress. Here are some tips to well manage your pocket:
Invest some of your money if possible.
Have a bank account with an increasing amount of savings (3) month by setting realistic financial goals.
Buy (4) within your price range.
Track your spending carefully to avoid (5) expenditure on unnecessary purchases.
Prioritise things that bring you lasting happiness and financial security to get your money’s (6) !
(Adapted from https://www.thebalancemoney.com)
(1)
Though
However
Otherwise
While
Đáp án đúng: B.
Câu trước nói quản lý tài chính tốt là cần thiết; câu sau nói nhiều người lại vật lộn với việc lập ngân sách, tiết kiệm. Quan hệ tương phản giữa hai câu, đứng đầu câu có dấu phẩy: However. Though, While là liên từ phải đi với mệnh đề. Chọn B.
(2)
in
to
at
on
Đáp án đúng: B.
Cấu trúc lead to something (dẫn đến): leading to overspending and financial stress. Chọn B.
(3)
each
many
some
much
Đáp án đúng: A.
month là danh từ đếm được số ít: each month (mỗi tháng). many cần danh từ số nhiều, much đi với danh từ không đếm được, some month không hợp nghĩa. Chọn A.
(4)
affordable products quality
affordable quality products
products affordable quality
products quality affordable
Đáp án đúng: B.
Trật tự: tính từ + danh từ ghép (danh từ bổ nghĩa + danh từ chính): affordable quality products (sản phẩm chất lượng với giá phải chăng). Chọn B.
(5)
excessive
possessive
restrictive
objective
Đáp án đúng: A.
excessive expenditure = chi tiêu quá mức (vào những thứ không cần thiết). possessive (chiếm hữu), restrictive (hạn chế), objective (khách quan) không hợp nghĩa. Chọn A.
(6)
cost
rate
worth
price
Đáp án đúng: C.
Thành ngữ get your money’s worth = đáng đồng tiền bát gạo, nhận được giá trị xứng với số tiền bỏ ra. Chọn C.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.
When several farmers merge plots into a single “project farm”, they use digital tools to make that teamwork far more effective. GPS mapping, drones, and in-field sensors build a live, shared picture of soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Because everyone works on the same data, the team can settle seeding dates, determine when to spray, and track machinery in real time. What once depended on guesswork is now driven by verifiable information.
With GPS technology, farmers can accurately map out their fields and create customised planting plans. Seeding machines change their rate on the fly, drones spray pests on targeted zones, and smart spreaders apply fertiliser only where data shows a need. Because inputs go exactly where they help, fields yield more while chemical runoff falls. Trials report considerable savings on seed, fuel, and sprays – benefits the partners split at the season’s end.
Water management is just as precise. Specialised equipment tracks moisture every hour, and forecast apps predict rain, wind, or heatwaves. Automated pumps deliver measured water amounts to thirsty zones and stop when a storm is coming, slashing waste and energy bills. The result is steadier yields in dry years, fewer nutrients washed away, and a smaller water footprint for the whole partnership. Smart irrigation also helps limit weed growth, reducing herbicide use.
The journey from field to market is equally digital. Cloud platforms record harvest weights, storage temperatures, and shipment times the moment they change, while blockchain records freeze each entry so customers can rely on it. Analytic tools browse the records to indicate weak points in the procedure, forecast prices, and suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners. This makes project farming both profitable and sustainable.
(Adapted from https://www.consumersearch.com)
The word settle in paragraph 1 mostly means ______.
decide
announce
exchange
expect
Đáp án đúng: A.
settle seeding dates = chốt, quyết định ngày gieo hạt; đồng nghĩa với decide. exchange (trao đổi), announce (thông báo), expect (mong đợi) không hợp ngữ cảnh. Chọn A.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as information displayed on a live, shared picture?
plant growth
weather shifts
soil types
drones
Đáp án đúng: D.
Bức tranh dữ liệu chung gồm soil types, weather shifts, and plant growth. Drones là công cụ tạo ra bức tranh đó, không phải thông tin hiển thị trên đó. Chọn D.
The word their in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
Seeding machines
planting plans
fields
farmers
Đáp án đúng: A.
Seeding machines change their rate on the fly: máy gieo hạt tự thay đổi tốc độ (gieo) của chính chúng, nên their chỉ Seeding machines. Chọn A.
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?
Precise application of fertilisers and sprays to required areas raises crop output but in turn increases chemical wastage.
As resources are directed to the areas that need them, harvests increase and pollution from excess chemicals declines.
There is an increase in chemical wastage and crop output though fewer resources are used for the indicated land area.
When chemicals are placed only where they are needed, productivity increases yet more overdue chemicals are released.
Đáp án đúng: B.
Câu gạch chân: vì đầu vào được đưa đúng chỗ cần, năng suất tăng trong khi lượng hóa chất rò rỉ giảm. B diễn đạt đúng cả hai ý (thu hoạch tăng, ô nhiễm hóa chất dư thừa giảm). D, A, C đều nói lượng hóa chất thải ra tăng, trái với chemical runoff falls. Chọn B.
The word slashing in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
converting
reducing
disposing
increasing
Đáp án đúng: D.
slashing waste and energy bills = cắt giảm mạnh lãng phí và chi phí năng lượng, nghĩa gần reducing. Từ trái nghĩa là increasing (làm tăng). Chọn D.
Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 4?
Farmers regard cloud platforms the best tools to improve the quality of their crops.
Buyers have little reliable information on harvest weights and storage temperatures.
Analytic tools offer suggestions for better planting plans for the following season.
Project partners are unable to forecast prices of crops in the following season.
Đáp án đúng: C.
Đoạn 4: Analytic tools … suggest better planting plans for the next season to project partners, khớp với C. B sai (blockchain giúp khách hàng tin cậy dữ liệu), A không được nhắc, D sai (công cụ phân tích dự báo được giá). Chọn C.
Which paragraph mentions approaches to different weather patterns?
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Đáp án đúng: D.
Đoạn 3 nói ứng dụng dự báo mưa, gió, nắng nóng và máy bơm tự dừng khi sắp có bão, tức các cách ứng phó với kiểu thời tiết khác nhau. Chọn D.
Which paragraph mentions real-time tracking of produce?
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 3
Đáp án đúng: C.
Đoạn 4: nền tảng đám mây ghi khối lượng thu hoạch, nhiệt độ bảo quản, thời gian vận chuyển the moment they change, tức theo dõi nông sản theo thời gian thực. (Đoạn 1 nói theo dõi máy móc, không phải nông sản.) Chọn C.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 15 to 19.
a. Marvelli has now become a more dynamic and prosperous city, offering greater opportunities for both residents and investors.
b. These vital improvements have notably boosted Marvelli's economy, fostering the growth of local businesses and attracting foreign investment.
c. To accommodate this growth, city planners have replaced the older terraced housing with modern high-rise buildings and expanded public facilities such as schools and hospitals.
d. Recognising the increasing traffic congestion, the city council has had the main roads widened and an intelligent traffic monitoring system installed to optimise traffic flow.
e. Over the past decade, the city of Marvelli has undergone a considerable transformation, experiencing an upsurge in population and an overload on the existing transport infrastructure.
e – c – d – b – a
a – b – d – e – c
a – d – b – c – e
e – d – c – a – b
Đáp án đúng: A.
e giới thiệu bối cảnh (dân số tăng, giao thông quá tải) → c To accommodate this growth (đáp ứng sự gia tăng dân số) → d xử lý ùn tắc giao thông → b These vital improvements tổng hợp các cải thiện trên và tác động kinh tế → a kết luận với has now become. Thứ tự: e – c – d – b – a. Chọn A.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 15 to 19.
Dear Mr Smith,
a. In case you have not received your chip-based card, contact our Customer Service at 0123247247.
b. This will automatically deactivate your magnetic stripe card, which can then be safely destroyed by your cutting it in half.
c. Your current magnetic stripe card expires on August 31st, whether the chip-based one is activated.
d. Should you have received the chip-based credit card, please use it instantly.
e. We would like to inform you that due to our operating system conversion, your magnetic stripe credit card has been replaced with a chip-based one, which has been on delivery to you.
Yours sincerely,
XYZ Bank
e – d – b – c – a
e – a – b – d – c
c – e – a – b – d
c – e – d – a – b
Đáp án đúng: A.
e thông báo việc thay thẻ từ bằng thẻ chip → d Should you have received… (nếu đã nhận thẻ chip thì dùng ngay) → b This will automatically deactivate… (việc dùng thẻ chip sẽ vô hiệu hóa thẻ từ) → c hạn dùng thẻ từ → a nếu chưa nhận thẻ thì liên hệ tổng đài. Thứ tự: e – d – b – c – a. Chọn A.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 15 to 19.
a. Susan: I exercise regularly by jogging, swimming or doing martial arts. How about you?
b. Susan: That sounds great! I think daily exercise and a healthy diet are the key to staying healthy.
c. Louis: I do yoga at home every day, and I follow a low-fat diet.
d. Louis: You look awesome. What do you do to keep fit?
e. Louis: Absolutely! Physical well-being is essential for a happy life.
c – b – e – a – d
e – a – d – b – c
d – a – c – b – e
c – a – d – b – e
Đáp án đúng: C.
Louis mở đầu bằng lời khen và câu hỏi (d) → Susan trả lời và hỏi lại How about you? (a) → Louis kể việc tập yoga và ăn ít béo (c) → Susan nhận xét, nêu ý kiến (b) → Louis đồng tình Absolutely! (e). Thứ tự: d – a – c – b – e. Chọn C.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 15 to 19.
a. This occasion, as a result, has made me more grateful to farmers and helped me understand what the saying “no pain, no gain” practically means.
b. It had, in fact, never occurred to me that farming would be so physically demanding.
c. I had to do the land ploughing, fertiliser spreading and grass uprooting in the burning summer heat.
d. Having hands-on experience on a farm for a fortnight really exhausted me, but at the same time made me more appreciative of farming.
e. Farming was such hard work that it made me sweat all the time and even lose a few kilos.
e – c – a – b – d
d – b – c – e – a
e – a – d – c – b
d – e – b – a – c
Đáp án đúng: B.
d là câu mở đầu nêu trải nghiệm hai tuần ở trang trại → b in fact (thật ra) chưa từng nghĩ làm nông vất vả đến vậy → c kể cụ thể công việc → e nêu hệ quả (đổ mồ hôi, sụt cân) → a kết luận với as a result. Thứ tự: d – b – c – e – a. Chọn B.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 15 to 19.
a. Mary: Thank you very much for your help!
b. John: Well, keep straight on to the roundabout, then take the second exit on the left. It's a big building with a red roof on your right.
c. Mary: Excuse me, could you show me the way to the public library?
c – b – a
a – b – c
c – a – b
a – c – b
Đáp án đúng: A.
Mary hỏi đường Excuse me, could you show me the way…? (c) → John chỉ đường (b) → Mary cảm ơn (a). Thứ tự: c – b – a. Chọn A.
Read the following piece of news and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 20 to 25.
Da Nang International Fireworks Festival (DIFF) 2025
With ten teams worldwide, DIFF 2025 features the largest (20) of participating teams in its history, and is predicted to be the most thrilling (21) so far.
Z121 Vina Pyrotech, a company (22) by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence, is a newcomer this year. With thirty years of experience in fireworks, Z121 Vina Pyrotech is expected to deliver a breathtaking performance. It is among the (23) candidates to win the championship.
From May 31st to July 12th, DIFF 2025 promises a series of spectacular fireworks displays, (24) is hoped to bring spectators a world-class entertainment experience.
Over the past twelve years, the Da Nang International Fireworks Festival has helped the city (25) the reputation as “The City of Fireworks” and become an attractive tourist destination.
(Adapted from https://www.vietnamnews.vn)
(20)
number
amount
level
volume
Đáp án đúng: A.
teams là danh từ đếm được số nhiều nên dùng the largest number of (số lượng lớn nhất). amount đi với danh từ không đếm được; volume, level không hợp nghĩa. Chọn A.
(21)
compete
competitively
competitive
competition
Đáp án đúng: D.
Sau the most thrilling (tính từ so sánh nhất) cần một danh từ: the most thrilling competition so far (cuộc thi hấp dẫn nhất từ trước đến nay). Chọn D.
(22)
has managed
is managing
managed
managing
Đáp án đúng: C.
Mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn mang nghĩa bị động: a company (which is) managed by Vietnam Ministry of National Defence (công ty do Bộ Quốc phòng quản lý). Có by chỉ tác nhân nên dùng phân từ II. Chọn C.
(23)
quick
high
smart
top
Đáp án đúng: D.
Kết hợp từ top candidates = những ứng viên hàng đầu (cho chức vô địch). quick, high, smart candidates không phải kết hợp tự nhiên. Chọn D.
(24)
who
which
when
why
Đáp án đúng: B.
Sau dấu phẩy cần đại từ quan hệ thay cho cả mệnh đề/ cụm danh từ chỉ vật đứng trước (a series of spectacular fireworks displays) và làm chủ ngữ cho is hoped: dùng which. Chọn B.
(25)
go up
look up
build up
come up
Đáp án đúng: C.
build up the reputation = gây dựng danh tiếng. go up (tăng lên), come up (xuất hiện), look up (tra cứu) không đi với the reputation. Chọn C.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.
All holidays involve some element of risk, whether in the form of illness, bad weather, being unable to get what we want if we delay booking, or (26) . We ask ourselves what risks we would run if we went there, if there is a high likelihood of their occurrence, if the risks are avoidable and how significant the consequences would be.
Some tourists, of course, relish a degree of risk, as this gives an edge of excitement to the holiday, (27) . Others, however, are risk averse and will studiously avoid risk wherever possible. Clearly, the significance of the risk will be a key factor. (28) . The risk averse will book early, choose to return to the same resort and hotel they have visited, knowing its reliability, or book a package tour rather than travel independently.
(29) . There is evidence that much of the continuing reluctance shown by some tourists to seek information and make bookings through Internet providers can be attributed to, in part, the lack of face-to-face contact with a trusted – and, hopefully, expert – travel agent and, in part, (30) in favour of the information provider.
(Adapted from The business of tourism)
(26)
being uncertain about the product until seeing it directly
for a certain product to be seen directly
what are the products we will be certainly seeing directly
until we certainly see its products directly
Đáp án đúng: A.
Chỗ trống đứng sau or trong chuỗi liệt kê in the form of illness, bad weather, being unable to…, nên cần một cụm danh động từ song song với being unable: being uncertain about the product until seeing it directly (không chắc chắn về sản phẩm cho đến khi tận mắt thấy). Các phương án khác sai cấu trúc hoặc không hợp nghĩa. Chọn A.
(27)
but do not present any risks and barriers to tourism itself
if the barrier of tourism itself is not in the presence of risk
and tourism itself does not present any barriers or risks
so the presence of risk is not in itself a barrier to tourism
Đáp án đúng: D.
Câu trước nói một số du khách thích rủi ro vì nó làm kỳ nghỉ thêm hứng thú, nên cần một mệnh đề chỉ kết quả: so the presence of risk is not in itself a barrier to tourism (vì vậy bản thân rủi ro không phải là rào cản đối với du lịch). A và C mâu thuẫn với ý rằng kỳ nghỉ nào cũng có rủi ro; B tối nghĩa. Chọn D.
(28)
People, by contrast, will be far less concerned about the risk of crime than about that of poor weather
Similarly, the concern about the risk of poor weather will be much greater than that about the risk of crime
As a result, there will be much less concern about the risk of poor weather than about the risk of crime
As earlier mentioned, the risk of crime will be of much greater concern to people than that of poor weather
Đáp án đúng: C.
Câu trước: the significance of the risk will be a key factor (mức độ nghiêm trọng của rủi ro là yếu tố then chốt). Hệ quả hợp lý là người ta ít lo về thời tiết xấu hơn nhiều so với tội phạm, vì tội phạm nghiêm trọng hơn; As a result (do đó) nối đúng quan hệ nhân quả. D dùng As earlier mentioned nhưng ý này chưa được nhắc trước đó; B và A nói ngược ý. Chọn C.
(29)
Holidays are also booked after customers choose factors and methods without risk
Also, the factors and methods customers choose to book their holidays are risky
Customers also book their holidays by choosing the methods without risky factors
Risk is also a factor in the methods chosen by customers to book their holidays
Đáp án đúng: D.
Câu chủ đề của đoạn cuối, mở ra ý mới: rủi ro còn ảnh hưởng đến cách khách đặt kỳ nghỉ (qua Internet hay qua đại lý du lịch) — Risk is also a factor in the methods chosen by customers to book their holidays (rủi ro cũng là một yếu tố trong cách khách hàng chọn để đặt kỳ nghỉ). C, A nói có cách đặt “không rủi ro”, B nói các cách đặt đều rủi ro — không khớp với nội dung đoạn. Chọn D.
(30)
the suspicion that information received through the Internet will be biased
thanks to the biased information received through the Internet with the suspicion
the biased information received through the Internet will be suspicious
due to the Internet, through which biased and suspicious information is received
Đáp án đúng: A.
Cấu trúc song song attributed to, in part, the lack of… and, in part, + danh từ, nên cần một cụm danh từ: the suspicion that information received through the Internet will be biased (mối nghi ngờ rằng thông tin nhận qua Internet sẽ thiên vị) — khớp với đuôi in favour of the information provider. B, D thêm due to/thanks to thừa sau attributed to; C là một mệnh đề, sai cấu trúc. Chọn A.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
We are living through a boom in greenwashing – the strategic use of comforting environmental claims to disguise business-as-usual pollution. Picture a chief executive whose company emits millions of tonnes of . Genuine decarbonisation would require bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays, and a complete redesign of the firm's model. Far easier is to hire a creative agency to plaster products with labels such as “carbon-neutral” or “net-zero,” calming critics, investors, and even eco-conscious children while emissions continue unsolved.
This tactic meets consumers at every turn. Airline websites promise guilt-free flights, petrol pumps boast zero-impact fuel, and even supermarket bacon is marketed as net-zero. [I] Advertising trickery is ancient, yet today's greenwashing – the practice of deliberately covering ongoing pollution in eco-friendly language – has flourished only recently. The expression surfaced in the 1980s amid oil spills and growing climate science, but the real explosion has come as public anxiety over global heating and biodiversity loss has intensified. Faced with mounting scrutiny, many boards prefer glossy PR to structural reform. Such corporate sleight of hand has become so pervasive that regulators in Europe and the United States are scrambling to tighten rules on environmental claims, yet enforcement still lags behind marketing creativity. [II] The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue. After decades covertly sowing doubt about climate science, oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic. They have therefore swapped their denial tactics for a “green” paint-sprayer, trumpeting token investments in renewables while expanding drilling.
Why does this matter? Greenwashing and climate denial share a core objective: to postpone the emission cuts urgently required to avert climate breakdown. [III] Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls the public into believing problems are already solved. Under this collective illusion, pressure on high-emitting firms evaporates and the radical decisions needed to transform energy, transport, and food systems are delayed indefinitely. [IV] Greenwashing thus acts as a soothing lullaby, leading society toward ecological ruin with a tune of comforting half-truths. Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts.
(Adapted from https://www.greenpeace.org.uk)
According to paragraph 1, genuine decarbonisation ______.
is costly and demanding
is overlooked by corporations
involves hiring an expert agency
physically injures those involved
Đáp án đúng: A.
Đoạn 1: giảm phát thải thật sự đòi hỏi bruising boardroom discussions, huge capital outlays (những cuộc tranh luận gay gắt trong hội đồng quản trị, chi phí vốn khổng lồ) và tái thiết kế toàn bộ mô hình — tức tốn kém và khó khăn. Bruising mang nghĩa bóng, không phải gây thương tích về thể chất (D); thuê công ty quảng cáo là cách để né tránh (C). Chọn A.
Which of the following best summarises paragraph 1?
Chief executives' opinions are divided on whether or not genuine decarbonisation should be consistently implemented.
The exponential growth of greenwashing is attributable to the environmental benefits the strategy brings to major emitters.
Large-emission enterprises prefer “net-zero” or “carbon-neutral” tags on their offerings over genuine decarbonisation.
The great pressure to soothe environmental claims urges high-emitting corporations to adopt greenwashing wisely.
Đáp án đúng: C.
Đoạn 1 cho thấy doanh nghiệp phát thải lớn thấy việc giảm phát thải thật sự quá khó, nên Far easier is to… plaster products with labels như “carbon-neutral”, “net-zero” — tức là họ thích dán nhãn hơn là giảm phát thải thật. B, D sai vì tác giả không coi greenwashing là khôn ngoan hay có lợi cho môi trường; A không được nhắc. Chọn C.
Which of the following is NOT stated as an example of greenwashed products or services?
guilt-free flights
zero-impact fuel
net-zero bacon
non-degradable electronics
Đáp án đúng: D.
Đoạn 2 nêu các ví dụ: guilt-free flights, zero-impact fuel, supermarket bacon… net-zero. Đồ điện tử không phân hủy (non-degradable electronics) không được nhắc đến. Chọn D.
The word glossy in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.
expensive but essential
costly but ineffective
appealing but superficial
confusing but engaging
Đáp án đúng: C.
Glossy nghĩa đen là bóng bẩy; glossy PR đối lập với structural reform (cải cách căn bản), tức là truyền thông hào nhoáng bề ngoài nhưng hời hợt — appealing but superficial. Đoạn văn không nói về chi phí (B, A) hay sự khó hiểu (D). Chọn C.
The word They in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
the United States
rules on environmental claims
oil and gas giants
regulators in Europe
Đáp án đúng: C.
Câu trước: oil and gas giants have grasped that direct denial is reputationally toxic; câu sau They have therefore swapped their denial tactics… — chỉ có các tập đoàn dầu khí mới có “chiến thuật phủ nhận” và “mở rộng khoan”. Chọn C.
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?
Not until genuine efforts to cut down on emissions are recognised could the truth about greenwashing be concealed.
Genuine efforts to reduce emissions cannot take the place of rhetoric without greenwashing being uncovered.
No sooner had empty resolutions minimised emissions than the plain truth about greenwashing was elucidated.
Were it not for genuine efforts to reduce emissions, rhetoric about greenwashing could not be brought to light.
Đáp án đúng: B.
Câu gốc: Exposing this deception is essential if clichés are to be replaced by real, measurable emission cuts (muốn những lời sáo rỗng được thay bằng cắt giảm phát thải thật thì phải vạch trần sự lừa dối này). B giữ đúng ý điều kiện: nỗ lực thật không thể take the place of (thay thế) lời nói suông nếu greenwashing không bị vạch trần. D, A, C đảo lộn quan hệ điều kiện hoặc sai nghĩa. Chọn B.
According to the passage, the adoption of “green” paint by fossil-fuel companies is mentioned as ______.
a specific example of greenwashing
a typical application of climate science
a prompt response to public demand for eco-friendly products
a particular way to dispute the claims about environmental crisis
Đáp án đúng: A.
Đoạn 2: The fossil-fuel sector exemplifies the issue (ngành nhiên liệu hóa thạch là ví dụ điển hình), rồi nói họ đổi sang “máy phun sơn xanh” — đây là một ví dụ cụ thể của greenwashing. D sai vì họ đã bỏ việc phủ nhận trực tiếp; B, C không được nói. Chọn A.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
Regulators have the necessary tools and resources to verify most environmental claims, which enables them to prevent misleading messages from reaching everyday consumers.
Increased public concern about environmental issues, coupled with their complacency with “eco-friendly” labelled products, contributes to the rise of greenwashing.
The perceived action created by greenwashing has stressed the urgency for meaningful regulatory and corporate changes to address climate change.
The profits that high-emitting firms reap from running a “green” marketing campaign provide them with resources to reinvest in renewable ventures.
Đáp án đúng: B.
Đoạn 2 nói greenwashing bùng nổ khi public anxiety… has intensified (lo ngại của công chúng tăng), đoạn 3 nói nó lulls the public into believing problems are already solved (ru ngủ công chúng, làm họ tự mãn) — suy ra B. A sai vì enforcement still lags behind; C ngược ý vì greenwashing làm áp lực evaporates; D không có căn cứ. Chọn B.
Where in the passage does the following sentence best fit?
Yet greenwashing is arguably more insidious.
[III]
[I]
[II]
[IV]
Đáp án đúng: A.
Câu cần điền Yet greenwashing is arguably more insidious (tuy vậy greenwashing có lẽ còn nguy hiểm ngầm hơn) đứng sau ý greenwashing và phủ nhận khí hậu có cùng mục tiêu, và được giải thích ngay bằng câu sau Whereas denial invites opposition, greenwashing lulls…. Vị trí đó là [III]. Chọn A.
Which of the following best summarises the passage?
Major emitters have opted for open climate denials in preference to more sophisticated greenwashing to preserve profits and reputation instead of reforming their core operations.
Greenwashing has now been pervading everyday products and services, raising customers' awareness of the urgent need to maintain sustainable developments.
Greenwashing has significantly grown in its scale and sophistication since its emergence, attracting considerable attention of both the general public and policymakers worldwide.
A new wave of greenwashing allows corporations to hide ongoing pollution behind reassuring eco-labels, diverting scrutiny from the rapid emission cuts considered vital by scientists.
Đáp án đúng: D.
Bài nói greenwashing đang bùng nổ, dùng nhãn xanh để che ô nhiễm và làm trì hoãn việc cắt giảm phát thải cấp bách — D tóm tắt đủ các ý này. A ngược ý (doanh nghiệp bỏ phủ nhận để chuyển sang greenwashing); B sai vì greenwashing làm công chúng tự mãn chứ không nâng nhận thức; C bỏ qua tác hại cốt lõi. Chọn D.